[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"All Professionals
Shlomo Maza

Of Counsel, Corporate Department
shlomomaza@paulhastings.com
New York
Phone: +1-212-318-6778Fax: +1-212-230-7778

<button aria-label=\"Overview\">
Overview
</button>

<button aria-label=\"Representations\">
Representations
</button>

<button aria-label=\"News\">
News
</button>

Overview

Shlomo Maza is an Of Counsel in the Financial Restructuring group and is based in the firmâ€™s New York office. His practice includes the representation of both debtors and creditors in bankruptcy and out-of-court restructurings.

Before joining Paul Hastings, Mr. Maza completed a clerkship in the Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, and has experience with complex commercial litigation.

Accolades

Best Lawyers: Ones to Watch in America for Bankruptcy and Creditor Debtor Rights/Insolvency and Reorganization Law, 2025

Representations

Commonwealth of Puerto Rico et al. (Official Creditorsâ€™ Committee)

Ho Wan Kwok (Chapter 11 trustee)

WeWork (Official Creditorsâ€™ Committee)

LATAM Airlines (creditor)

CÃ³ndor Inversiones (creditor)

Eagle Hospitality Real Estate Investment Trust et al. (Debtors)

Sable Permian (Official Creditorsâ€™ Committee)

Brazos Electric (creditor)

Oneweb Global Limited et al. (Official Creditorsâ€™ Committee)

Vanguard Natural Resources et al. (Debtors)

Molycorp (Official Creditorsâ€™ Committee)

GT Advanced Technologies et al. (Debtors)

NewPage Corporation, et al. (Litigation Trustee on behalf of General Unsecured Creditors)

SandRidge Energy (creditor)

News

Paul Hastings Advised on the Restructuring of Mainstream Renewable Powerâ€™s 1.4 GW Wind and Solar Portfolio in Chile - November 16th, 2023

Practice Areas

Corporate

Financial Restructuring

Languages

English

Admissions

New York Bar

Education

St. John's University School of Law, LL.M. 2014

St. John's University School of Law, J.D. 2011

","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract the section providing a narrative overview the attorney\u2019s biography and experience. a clean description here. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or otherwise eliminate any of the information. If representative matters and experience, insights, presentations, awards, or other recognitions are listed, please add those as well, and you can bullet point that info if helpful',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts or deals) that are listed, in both specified lists of representative matters and work highlights as well as in the biographical text. List them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract any law school honors listed for this attorney. This may be included in the education section that lists their law degree or in their narrative bio. These may include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court, trial advocacy, best oralist, or writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s clients as mentioned or listed in the source code. List all the clients as an array. Only list named clients \u2013 not general descriptions of clients or their types. Pull from all sources in the code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. The news article titles may not list the attorney specifically, but instead it may list their firm or team as representing the client. If such news articles are for deals that this attorney worked on, include the clients in this list. If pulling clients from a list of representative matters or the titles of news articles, be sure to only include those clients represented by the attorney, their group or firm, and not adverse or opposing parties, or parties on the other side of a deal or transaction, that may also be listed. For example, if the representative matter or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a case is listed, and one party is the government, you can assume the attorney represented the other named party and list that as a client. If the client's identity is unclear from the headline of the news article, just don't include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact NAMES; omit unnamed parties and never guess. If no clients are listed and named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source (especially under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections: all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). Also include any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to be by the attorney (for example, by being listed in a specific section for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Include any bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}


[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"
\n    Tim Strafford\n
\n
\n    Partner\n
\n
\n                            Washington, DC\n
\n
\n                                \n                                    +1 202 429 8170\n                                \n
\n
\n
Email
\n
vcard
\n

\n
\n
Areas of Work
\n
\n                    Transportation, Rail Transportation\n
\n
Overview
\n
With over twenty-five years of experience, Tim Strafford focuses his practice in the rail regulatory space, counselling clients on regulatory and legislative issues and business transactions. He represents railroads in disputes before the Surface Transportation Board (STB), arbitrations, court actions, and appeals in federal court. He also advises clients on federal preemption of state and local regulation under the ICC Termination Act of 1995 (ICCTA) and other Federal statutes. His practice includes counselling clients on the scope of federal rail safety laws administered by the Federal Rail Administration (FRA).
\n
Prior to joining Steptoe, Tim worked at the Association of American Railroads (AAR) representing the railroad industry before federal regulatory agencies, including the STB, FRA, Federal Communications Commission, and Customs and Border Protection. He was also responsible for railroad industry matters related to federal preemption, communications law, and transborder transportation.
\n
Before joining the AAR, Tim served as Chief of Staff to the Chairman of the STB. He also worked as an attorney at the STB in a variety of positions in the Office of Proceedings.
\n    <button>\n        \n            Bar & Court Admissions\n        \n        \n    </button>\n
\n
\n                District of Columbia\n
\n
\n                New York\n
\n
\n    <button>\n        \n            Education\n        \n        \n    </button>\n
\n
\n                J.D., American University, Washington College of Law, 1998, Washington College of Law International Law Review\n
\n
\n                B.A., Rutgers University, 1995, Rutgers College General Honors\n
\n
\n
\n            News & Publications\n
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        Patrick J. Fuchs is Designated as STB Chairman; Michelle Schultz is Designated as Vice Chairman\n
\n
February 2025
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Approves CSXT's and CPKC's Acquisitions of MNBR Lines\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
November 2024
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        STB Chairman Martin J. Oberman Retires; Robert E. Primus is Designated as STB Chairman\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
June 2024
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Denies Petition Seeking Reconsideration of the \"Minor Transaction\" Classification in the CN/Iowa Northern Control Proceeding\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
April 2024
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Extended Employment Data Reporting\n
\n
February 2024
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Instituted an Oversight Proceeding Regarding the CPKC Merger\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
October 2023
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Issued a Preliminary Injunction Ordering BNSF to Transport a Minimum Amount of Coal for NTEC\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
August 2023
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Orders UP to Provide Additional Documents and Data in Oversight Proceeding Regarding UP's Embargoes\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
June  1, 2023
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Approves the CP/KCS Merger\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
April 2023
\n
\n    Publications\n
\n
\n        The Board Held Public Hearing Pertaining to UP's Use of Embargoes\n
\n
\n    Association of Transportation Law Professional's Railroads Blog\n
\n
January 2023
\n    \n        View All\n    \n
\n            Events\n
\n
\n    Seminars & Events\n
\n
\n        Fourth Annual Regulatory Symposium: Inflation-Killers?\n
\n        Federal Agencies and the Fight Against High Prices\n
November 10, 2022
\n
\n
\n            <button>\n                Overview\n            </button>\n
\n
\n            <button>\n                News & Publications\n            </button>\n
\n
\n            <button>\n                Events\n            </button>\n
\n
","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract the section providing a narrative overview the attorney\u2019s biography and experience. a clean description here. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or otherwise eliminate any of the information. If representative matters and experience, insights, presentations, awards, or other recognitions are listed, please add those as well, and you can bullet point that info if helpful',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts or deals) that are listed, in both specified lists of representative matters and work highlights as well as in the biographical text. List them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract any law school honors listed for this attorney. This may be included in the education section that lists their law degree or in their narrative bio. These may include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court, trial advocacy, best oralist, or writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s clients as mentioned or listed in the source code. List all the clients as an array. Only list named clients \u2013 not general descriptions of clients or their types. Pull from all sources in the code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. The news article titles may not list the attorney specifically, but instead it may list their firm or team as representing the client. If such news articles are for deals that this attorney worked on, include the clients in this list. If pulling clients from a list of representative matters or the titles of news articles, be sure to only include those clients represented by the attorney, their group or firm, and not adverse or opposing parties, or parties on the other side of a deal or transaction, that may also be listed. For example, if the representative matter or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a case is listed, and one party is the government, you can assume the attorney represented the other named party and list that as a client. If the client's identity is unclear from the headline of the news article, just don't include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact NAMES; omit unnamed parties and never guess. If no clients are listed and named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source (especially under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections: all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). Also include any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to be by the attorney (for example, by being listed in a specific section for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Include any bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}


[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"

Frank G. Long
   Member and Intellectual Property Litigation Practice Group Co-Chair Denver Phoenix

Email FLong@dickinsonwright.com

Phone 602-285-5093

Fax 844-670-6009

 <button>Overview</button> <button>Overview</button> <button>Focus</button> <button>Experience</button> <button>Insights</button>
Frank Long advises clients and represents them in court in matters related to trademarks, trade dress, false advertising, copyright, cybersquatting and trade secrets. His clients include, and have included, Fortune 500 corporations and small businesses, as well as national and international companies, and franchise systems.

Frank assists clients with the development, administration and strategies for the protection of intellectual property rights, especially trademarks. He has a wide range of experience in advising clients in the management of worldwide intellectual property rights, as well as transactions involving merchandising and licensing agreements for intellectual property rights and transfers of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and domain names.

Frank is also an experienced litigator in matters involving intellectual property rights. He is, or has been, counsel of record in numerous recent court, administrative and arbitration proceedings involving intellectual property claims. Also, using a network of contacts among trademark attorneys in other countries around the world, Frank has helped clients as an advisor on the legal proceedings to preserve, protect and defend intellectual property rights outside the U.S.

World Trademark Review 1000 says: \"Frank Long fulfills an important strategic advisory function for clients who are keen to tap his global knowledge, management skill and IP commercialization nous. In his other key role of lead litigator, he advocates his clients' cause tenaciously but tactfully.\"

Education & Credentials

Education

Dartmouth College
 B.A.

cum laude

Colorado School of Mines
 MSc, Mineral Economics
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law
 J.D.

William Jennings Bryan Award

Lowden-Wigmore Prize

Bar Admission

Arizona

Colorado

Areas Of Practice
 Copyrights Copyright Litigation Intellectual Property Intellectual Property Litigation Trademarks Trademark Litigation
Acknowledgements

The Legal 500 United States

Intellectual Property - Patents, Litigation, 2023-2024

Intellectual Property Ã¢Â€Â“ Patents: Litigation & Trademarks: Litigation, 2025

Best Lawyers in AmericaÃ‚Â®

Copyright Law, Technology Law, Trade Secrets Law, Trademark Law, 2021-2026

Litigation - Intellectual Property, 2024-2026

WTR 1000

WorldÃ¢Â€Â™s Leading Trademark Attorneys, Arizona, Recommended, 2020 - 2025

Recommended, 2024

Martindale-HubbellÃ‚Â®Â Rated AV PreeminentÃ‚Â® Rating\n

\"Top Rated Lawyer in Intellectual Property,\" 2013

Southwest Super LawyersÃ‚Â®Â

Intellectual Property, 2007, 2013-2018

Phoenix Magazine

\"Top Attorney in Arizona,\" 2014

AZ BusinessÂ Magazine

Â \"Arizona's Top Lawyers,\" 2011

Prominent Assignments

Successfully represented a leading producer of rolling papers and smoking accessories before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which ruled in their favor and denied the petition for a rehearing by the full 11-judge panel.

Represented plaintiff in a federal district court lawsuit over the defendantsÃ¢Â€Â™ use of a infringing trademark for bags, containers and luggage in which the case was successfully settled.

Represented a major fruit products company in a precedential trademark opposition decision issued by the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board.

Represented smoking products company in federal district court litigation involving successful jury trial on affirmative claims of trade dress and copyright infringement, and defenses against claims of false advertising under the Lanham Act.

Represented plaintiff in a trademark infringement suit alleging that the defendant's mark infringes client's common law and federally registered trademarks.

Supported a major rolling paper company in a trademark and copyright infringement actions against multiple defendants.

Secured a significant victory before the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB) in a trademark infringement action on behalf of a leading producer of rolling papers and smoking accessories.

Successfully represented a leading producer of rolling papers and smoking accessories before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit on appeal of trademark-infringement summary judgment ruling.Â

 Â
Professional Involvement

Adjunct Professor, Trademarks and Unfair Competition Law, Arizona State University Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, 2005-2008, 2013-2016

Member, International Franchise Association (IFA) Membership Committee, 2010-2023

Member, International Trademark Association (INTA)\n

Non-Traditional Trademarks Committee, 2014-2017

Roundtable Planning Committee, 2006-2014

Famous and Well-Known Marks Committee, 2012-2014

BNEF, Publications Committee, 2004-2005

Leadership Meeting Committee, 2000-2002

Public Affairs Committee, 1997-1999

Board of Directors, Arizona State Parks Foundation, 2004-2023\n

Vice President, 2012-2014

Corporate Secretary, 2004-2011

District Enrollment Director, Dartmouth College Alumni Club, Phoenix and Northern Arizona, 2000-2017

Member, State Bar of Arizona\n

Chair, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2011-2012

Vice Chair, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2010-2011

Secretary, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2009-2010

Treasurer, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2008-2009

Executive Committee, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2007-2012

Executive Committee, Intellectual Property Law Section, 2000-2001

Member, International Licensing Industry Merchandisers Association, 2000-2002

Domain-Name Dispute Arbitrator, eResolution, Inc., 2000-2001

Member, American Bar Association\n

Special Committee on Copyrights and Internet, 2000-2001

Arizona Coordinator, Export Legal Assistance

Publications/Presentations

Publications

Author, \"Protection From Cyber-Squatters in New .biz and .info Domain Names,\" The Digital Edge, June 2001

Author, \"Domain Name Abuse,\" Writer's Digest, June 2001

Author, \"Trademarks: What's Fair Use?\" Writer's Digest, September 2000

Columnist, \"Export Success,\" Arizona Business Gazette, 1995-1997

Author, \"Using Foreign Representatives to Establish Export Sales Relationships,\" The Practical Lawyer, December 1995

Author, \"Getting the Most Out of NAFTA,\" The Practical Lawyer, July 1995

PresentationsÂ

Speaker, \"When Trademarks Fail, How Copyright and Other IP Can Save the Day,\" INTA Annual Conference, May 20, 2018Â

Interviewed on \"Money For Lunch,\" blogtalkradio,Â Broadcast in Business,Â August 29, 2014

Speaker, \"Thinking of Using a Dead or Abandoned Trademark?,\" Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records, June 24, 2014

Moderator, \"Three-Dimensional Shape Marks: Selection, Registration and Enforcement in the U.S.,\" International Trademark Association (INTA), Hong Kong (May 2014)

Speaker, \"Best Practices for Effective Brand Development,\" Franchise Expo South, Houston, TX, February 6-8, 2014; West Coast Franchise Expo, Anaheim, CA, October 24-26, 2013; International Franchise Expo, New York, NY, June 20-22, 2013; Franchise Expo South, Miami, FL, January 11-13, 2013; and West Coast Franchise Expo, Anaheim, CA, October 12-14, 2012

Speaker, \"Creativity or Piracy? Conflicts Between the First Amendment and Rights of Trademark, Privacy and Publicity,\" Dartmouth Lawyers Association, CLE and Ski XX, February 2007

Co-Moderator, \"Strategies for Licensing Success Worldwide,\" INTA Leadership Meeting, November 2002

Speaker, \"Legal 101 Seminar: License AgreementsÃ¢Â€Â”Licensee Perspective,\" Licensing Industry Merchandisers Association, June 2002

Speaker, \"What did I Just Buy? Intellectual Property in Business Transactions,\" Copyright Due Diligence Issues, State Bar of Arizona Annual Convention, June 2002

Speaker, \"E-Commerce and Intellectual Property,\" Maricopa County Bar Association, December 2001

Speaker, \"An Overview of Website Liability,\" CLE International, e-Commerce The Law of e-Business, June 2001

Speaker, \"Digital Discovery,\" State Bar of Arizona Annual Convention, June 2001

Speaker, \"What Every Business Should Know Before It Goes Online,\" Maricopa County Bar Association, Continuing Legal Education, March 2001

Speaker, \"Domain Name Disputes: Update on the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy,\" INTA Leadership Meeting, November 2000

Speaker, \"Online Media and Media Law,\" Arizona State University, Summer Journalism Institute, June 2000

Speaker, \"Intellectual Property and Bankruptcy,\" State Bar of Arizona, Bankruptcy Law Section, April 2000

Speaker, \"The Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act of 1999,\" State Bar of Arizona, Intellectual Property Section, March 2000

Speaker, \"Online Publishing: Legal Issues,\" Arizona Newspaper Association Annual Meeting, October 1999

Speaker, \"Branding Strategies for State Parks,\" National Association of State Park Directors Annual Meeting, September 1999

Insights

August 21, 2025 In the News \n                    220 Dickinson Wright Attorneys Ranked in Best Lawyers in AmericaÃ‚Â®, Lawyer of the Year, and Ones to Watch 2026 Editions\n

June 16, 2025 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Recognized in Legal 500 United States 2025 Edition\n

February 3, 2025 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Ranked in the 2025 Edition of the WTR 1000\n

August 15, 2024 In the News \n                    218 Dickinson Wright Attorneys Ranked in Best Lawyers in AmericaÃ‚Â®, Lawyer of the Year, and Ones to Watch 2025 Editions\n

June 13, 2024 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Recognized in Legal 500 United States 2024 Edition\n

February 9, 2024 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Ranked in the 2024 Edition of the WTR 1000\n

August 17, 2023 In the News \n                    179 Dickinson Wright Attorneys Ranked in Best Lawyers in AmericaÃ‚Â® 2024 Edition\n

August 1, 2023 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Opens Denver Office\n

June 12, 2023 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Recognized in Legal 500 United States 2023 Edition\n

February 15, 2023 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Ranked in the 2023 Edition of the WTR 1000\n

August 18, 2022 In the News \n                    178 Dickinson Wright Attorneys Ranked in Best Lawyers in AmericaÃ‚Â® 2023 Edition\n

March 8, 2022 In the News \n                    Dickinson Wright Ranked in the 2022 Edition of the WTR 1000\n

 See All Insights <button>Insights</button> <button>Focus</button>","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract the section providing a narrative overview the attorney\u2019s biography and experience. a clean description here. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or otherwise eliminate any of the information. If representative matters and experience, insights, presentations, awards, or other recognitions are listed, please add those as well, and you can bullet point that info if helpful',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts or deals) that are listed, in both specified lists of representative matters and work highlights as well as in the biographical text. List them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract any law school honors listed for this attorney. This may be included in the education section that lists their law degree or in their narrative bio. These may include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court, trial advocacy, best oralist, or writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s clients as mentioned or listed in the source code. List all the clients as an array. Only list named clients \u2013 not general descriptions of clients or their types. Pull from all sources in the code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. The news article titles may not list the attorney specifically, but instead it may list their firm or team as representing the client. If such news articles are for deals that this attorney worked on, include the clients in this list. If pulling clients from a list of representative matters or the titles of news articles, be sure to only include those clients represented by the attorney, their group or firm, and not adverse or opposing parties, or parties on the other side of a deal or transaction, that may also be listed. For example, if the representative matter or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a case is listed, and one party is the government, you can assume the attorney represented the other named party and list that as a client. If the client's identity is unclear from the headline of the news article, just don't include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact NAMES; omit unnamed parties and never guess. If no clients are listed and named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source (especially under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections: all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). Also include any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to be by the attorney (for example, by being listed in a specific section for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Include any bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}


[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"

Will C. Sanford
   Associate Troy

Email WSanford@dickinsonwright.com

Phone 248-433-7266

Fax 844-670-6009

 <button>Overview</button> <button>Overview</button> <button>Focus</button> <button>Experience</button> <button>Insights</button>
Will Sanford, an associate in Dickinson WrightÃ¢Â€Â™s Troy office, focuses his practice in the areas of estate planning and business and corporate planning. His clients rely on his guidance through the complex estate planning process, particularly in those instances where business and estate planning meet. He uses his skills to ensure that the high net worth families and individuals he works with understand the opportunities available to them for the preservation and transfer of wealth.

Prior to beginning his legal career, Will gained experience at two national law firms in a risk management role. The time spent in these positions honed WillÃ¢Â€Â™s ability to analyze situations and anticipate events that may impact a desired outcome, allowing him to provide his clients with a variety of options and strategies to achieve effective and seamless results.

Education & Credentials

Education

Wayne State University
 J.D., 2020

Journal of Business, Associate Editor

Judicial Extern, U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Michigan

University of Michigan
 B.A., 2014

Selective Admission to the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy

Bar Admission

Michigan

Areas Of Practice
 Estate Planning & Administration Business Succession Corporate Probate and Fiduciary Litigation
Acknowledgements

Michigan Super Lawyers

\"Rising Stars,\" Estate & Probate, 2025

Â

Professional Involvement

Genesee County Bar Association

Oakland County Bar Association

Publications/Presentations

Resolve to Create a SLAT in 2021, Newsletter Article, Winter 2021

Insights

August 19, 2025 In the News \n                    Forty-Three Dickinson Wright Attorneys Named 2025 Michigan Super Lawyers, 20 Named Rising Stars\n

November 10, 2023 Media Mentions \n                    Michael Beals & Will Sanford have recently authored an article in Family Business Magazine, Ã¢Â€ÂœFamily Business Succession Ã¢Â€Â“ Overcoming Challenges to a Successful Transition of Wealth and Business.Ã¢Â€Â� \n

November 17, 2022 Industry Alerts \n                    Asset Protection Newsletter Series Presented by Dickinson Wright, PLLC \n

 <button>Insights</button> <button>Focus</button>","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract the section providing a narrative overview the attorney\u2019s biography and experience. a clean description here. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or otherwise eliminate any of the information. If representative matters and experience, insights, presentations, awards, or other recognitions are listed, please add those as well, and you can bullet point that info if helpful',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts or deals) that are listed, in both specified lists of representative matters and work highlights as well as in the biographical text. List them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract any law school honors listed for this attorney. This may be included in the education section that lists their law degree or in their narrative bio. These may include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court, trial advocacy, best oralist, or writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s clients as mentioned or listed in the source code. List all the clients as an array. Only list named clients \u2013 not general descriptions of clients or their types. Pull from all sources in the code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. The news article titles may not list the attorney specifically, but instead it may list their firm or team as representing the client. If such news articles are for deals that this attorney worked on, include the clients in this list. If pulling clients from a list of representative matters or the titles of news articles, be sure to only include those clients represented by the attorney, their group or firm, and not adverse or opposing parties, or parties on the other side of a deal or transaction, that may also be listed. For example, if the representative matter or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a case is listed, and one party is the government, you can assume the attorney represented the other named party and list that as a client. If the client's identity is unclear from the headline of the news article, just don't include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact NAMES; omit unnamed parties and never guess. If no clients are listed and named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source (especially under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections: all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). Also include any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to be by the attorney (for example, by being listed in a specific section for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Include any bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}