[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: Dr. Benedikt Gillessen is a corporate lawyer based in Frankfurt. He advises on a number of areas of company law, with a particular focus on issues related to stock corporation law and equity markets transactions. Benedikt has more than 25 years of experience in advising both domestic and foreign issuers and investment banks in the course of initial public offerings (IPOs), capital increases, public takeovers (including takeover defence), the issuance of convertible bonds, and similar capital markets deals, often involving complex cross-border structures. He has thereby worked with issuers in an array of business sectors, regarding existing or intended listings on stock exchanges in Germany or abroad. He has worked with issuers in a wide array of business sectors, regarding listings on both German and international stock exchanges. Benedikt regularly advises issuers, the members of their management and advisory boards as well as investors especially with regard to their duties resulting from the admission to listing of securities to a German stock corporation (Capital Markets Compliance), and to general questions under corporate law. Benedikt uses his broad capital markets knowledge and experience to steer clients through the complexities of major deals, thereby ensuring that issuers successfully execute the strategic transactions necessary for their growth and prosperity. He has repeatedly been recognized by various leading legal publications, including Chambers, The Legal 500 Deutschland, JUVE, The Best Lawyers™ and Lexology Index, most of which have ranked him continuously for many years. For example, The Legal 500 Deutschland 2025 recommends him for ECM and quotes a client describing him as 'Precise and detailed work, high client orientation, long-term consulting approach, very good communication'. In Chambers Global 2025, he is ranked for ECM and described by clients with 'Our cooperations with Benedikt Gillessen are extremely goal-oriented, efficient and excellently supervised.' and in Chamber Europe 2024 it is said about him 'Based on my experience of mandating him for several deals, Benedikt Gillessen has become my go-to person. He offers very strong service levels, commercial awareness and sophisticated advice.' JUVE 2025 praises his 'comprehensive advice at the interface between capital market and stock corporation law issues as well as M&A' as well as his well-coordinated team. In addition, he was selected by his peers for inclusion in The Best Lawyers™ 2025 in Germany for the thirteenth time in the fields of Capital Markets Law and Debt & Equity. In Lexology Index 2025 (formerly: Who's Who Legal) he is listed among the 'Experts in Debt and Equity' as well as 'Experts in Capital Markets' as Global and National Leader. Prior to joining us in 2017, Benedikt worked for many years in the corporate and capital markets groups of two other leading international law firms in Frankfurt, and with an international investment bank in London.
Listed Practice Areas: Corporate, M&A and securities, Capital markets, Equity capital markets
Representative Matters: IPOs of (most recent transactions only): Velero Immobilien AG (aborted); Brockhaus Capital Management AG; Abacud Medicine A/S (aborted); EuroEyes International Eye Clinic Limited; Godewind Immobilien AG; Stabilus S. A.; Senvion S. A.; Sunrise Communication AG; Hapag-Lloyd AG; and UniWheels AG.Capital increases and/or listings of (sometimes repeatedly): Vossloh AG; Deutsche EuroShop AG; RIB Software SE; Deutsche Konsum REIT-AG; Hapag-Lloyd AG; Ciech S. A.; Mologen AG; Stabilus S. A.; Telekom Austria AG; Tele Columbus AG; WCM Beteiligungs- und Grundbesitz AG; DZ BANK AG Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank; Gigaset AG; Deutsche Wohnen AG; AIXTRON SE; DMG MORI AG (formerly: Gildemeister AG); TOMORROW FOCUS AG; EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG; Petrotec AG; Aareal Bank AG; Jenoptik AG; Mediclin AG; DIC Asset AG; Drillisch AG; Linde AG; Fresenius SE; Deutz AG; Deutsche Lufthansa AG; Commerzbank AG; and ProSieben Sat.1 Media AG.Convertible bonds of (sometimes repeatedly): Symrise AG; Gigaset AG; Deutsche EuroShop AG; Deutz AG; and Deutsche Lufthansa AG.Public takeovers of: Deutsche EuroShop AG by Oaktree together with Alexander Otto, GfK SE by KKR; DMG MORI AG by DMG MORI Co., Ltd.; Gigaset AG by Goldin Fund; LHS AG by Ericsson; Mediclin AG by Asklepios Kliniken GmbH; Mediclin AG by ERGO Versicherungsgruppe AG; Deutsche Börse AG and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) by Alpha Beta Netherlands Holding N.V. by way of an exchange offer.As special counsel Benedikt advised also on the public takeovers of the following: GSW Immobilien AG by Deutsche Wohnen AG; Gagfah S.A. by Deutsche Annington Immobilien SE (now Vonovia SE); and DO Deutsche Office AG by alstria office REIT-AG; each of them also by way of an exchange offer.

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: Jason Kislin focuses his practice on complex commercial litigation on behalf of clients in a broad array of industries. He has experience with class action defense, securities litigation, business litigation, shareholder litigation, restrictive covenants, employment litigation, real estate litigation and alternative dispute resolution. Jason serves as outside counsel to entrepreneurs and start-up companies in a myriad of sectors. Additionally, Jason provides guidance to companies and individuals in Kazakhstan and other countries in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in various matters including those related to US laws and practices. As a former New Jersey Chancery Division Law Clerk, Jason also has experience regarding applications for injunctive and other equitable relief. He is also actively involved in the firm's pro bono efforts and oversees the New Jersey associate development program.
Listed Practice Areas: Commercial litigation, Business litigation, Employment litigation, Litigation, Venture Capital & Emerging Technology, Securities Litigation, Class Action Litigation, Real Estate Litigation, Complex Torts
Representative Matters: Defended international financial institution in connection with 10b-5 and other claims asserted against it after restructuring. The claims were dismissed on summary judgment.Defended an individual in connection with 10b-5 and other claims asserted against him in his capacity as manager of a crypto-hedge fund. The 10b-5 claims were dismissed at the pleading stage.Represented a biopharma VC fund in connection with a pre-suit investigation into trading activity. No suit was instituted.Defended a large gaming company in connection with 10b-5 claims asserted against it after the initiation of a governmental investigation. The matter settled.Defended a regional trade school in connection with New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act claims asserted against it by current and former students. Obtained a reversal on appeal of a jury verdict and class certification decision after which the matter settled.Defended consumer product company in several class actions asserting New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act and other allegations relating to marketing and advertising of certain products.Defended a national health insurance company in a suit by providers alleging fraud and breach of contract claims. The matter settled.Defended a retail furniture company in a class action alleging TCPA violations. The matter settled.Represented the sellers of a technology business in the energy sector in connection with their claims seeking release of a significant escrow fund in the face of claims by the buyer alleging breaches of representations and warranties. After a two-week arbitration hearing, the panel awarded the sellers the full amount of the escrow plus attorneys fees and costs.Represented the sellers of a consumer product business in connection with claims of breaches of representations and warranties. After a week of a bench trial, the matter settled.Represented the sellers of a consumer product business in connection with claims of fraud and breaches of representations and warranties. The matter settled.Represented minority members and managers of an LLC in connection with efforts by the majority to force a change of control and ownership. After obtaining a preliminary injunction, the matter settled.Representing generic pharmaceutical manufacturer in antitrust MDL.Defended an alternative energy company in connection with RICO and state law claims asserted in connection with a joint-venture project. Obtained the dismissal of the RICO and certain related state law claims.Representing a software consulting business in connection with contract claims.Representing the purchaser of PPP in connection with fraud and breach of contract claims against the seller.Represented a company, based in the Commonwealth of Independent States, in connection with FCPA investigation regarding the CEO of the company.Represented of a large pharmaceutical company in an internal investigation related to criminal and civil DOJ antitrust investigations.Represented several individuals in an internal investigation related to a criminal investigation by the DOJ.

Return relevant practice specialties from a master list based on an attorney profile.

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: James Abate is a capital markets associate in the New York office of Kirkland & Ellis LLP. James has a broad transactional practice and advises companies, private equity sponsors and investment banks on a full range of capital markets transactions, corporate governance matters and complex securities law and disclosure issues. James also advises U.S. and international clients, including foreign private issuers, on more general corporate and securities law matters, including Exchange Act reporting, beneficial ownership reporting under Section 13 and Section 16, corporate governance, shareholder meeting and proxy solicitations, SEC comment letter processes, and NYSE or NASDAQ listing requirements and compliance obligations. In addition, he has experience with financial technology matters, including the development of novel blockchain and digital asset solutions, and advising on the related complex regulatory environment. Prior to joining Kirkland, James worked as a corporate attorney focusing on capital markets and corporate governance at Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP.
Listed Practice Areas: Capital Markets, Transactional
Representative Matters:

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: Maria Julia Pinto is an associate in White & Case's Energy, Infrastructure, Project and Asset Finance group, based in the Firm's São Paulo office.
Listed Practice Areas: Project Development and Finance, Energy Transition, Power, Financial Institutions, Latin America
Representative Matters: Representation of Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company (Masdar), a subsidiary of Mubadala, in connection with a definitive agreement to acquire a 50 percent stake in Terra-Gen Power Holdings II, LLC (Terra-Gen), one of the largest independent renewable energy power producers in the US, from Energy Capital Partners (ECP).

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: Jason T. Simon focuses his practice on counseling public and private companies, investment banks and investors in connection with a broad range of corporate and securities matters. Jason has wide-ranging experience with public and private securities offerings, mergers and acquisitions and general representation of emerging growth and public companies, both in private practice and as in-house counsel. Jason’s experience encompasses a wide range of industries, including technology, health care, restaurants, government contracting and staffing.
Listed Practice Areas: Corporate, Capital Markets, Mergers & Acquisitions, Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs), Venture Capital & Emerging Technology
Representative Matters: Served as counsel to issuers and underwriters in over 50 initial public offerings by Special Purpose Acquisition Companies.Represented Bowman Consulting Group Ltd. in its follow-on public offering of common stock.Represented AgroFresh Solutions, Inc. in its $150 million private placement of Series B convertible preferred stock.Represented RMG Networks Holding Corporation in its $4.8 million rights offering and its $40 million follow-on public equity offering.Represented Platform Specialty Products Corporation in its $402 million follow-on public equity offering.Represented Vocus, Inc. in its $52 million initial public offering and its $69 million follow-on equity offering.Representation of a subsidiary of FiscalNote Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: NOTE) in the divestiture of its Board.org business to Executive Platforms, a portfolio company of Falfurrias Capital Partners.Represented Bite Acquisition Corp., a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company, in its pending business combination with Above Food Corp.Represented Embody, Inc., a developer of soft-tissue healing products, in its acquisition by Zimmer Biomet, a NYSE medical technology company.Represented LinTech Global, Inc., a federal government contractor, in its sale to Digital Intelligence Systems, LLC, a global services and staffing firm.Represented MCAP Acquisition Corporation, a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company, sponsored by an affiliate of Chicago-based asset manager Monroe Capital LLC, in its business combination with AdTheorent Holding Company, LLC, a programmatic digital advertising company using advanced machine learning technology and privacy-forward solutions to deliver measurable value for advertisers and marketers. With the closing of the transaction the combined company was renamed AdTheorent Holding Company, Inc. and its common stock and warrants began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market.Represented Sev1Tech, LLC, a technology company providing information technology, cybersecurity, cloud, and program management services and solutions to U.S. government, in the sale of a controlling interest to DFW Capital Partners, a private equity investment firm focused on lower middle-market companies.Represented Zoe’s Kitchen, Inc. in its sale to Cava Group, Inc.Counsel to InfoReliance Corporation in its sale to ECS Federal, LLC.Counsel to Danya International in its sale to DLH Holdings Corp.Represented Ellucian in its acquisition of certain assets from Helix Education.Counsel to WellCare Health Plans, Inc. in connection with numerous acquisitions.Counsel to Abraxas Corporation in connection with numerous acquisitions, as well as its sale to Cubic Corporation.Representation of various public companies in connection with Exchange Act reporting, preparation of shelf registration statements and corporate governance-related matters.

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: John Vryhof’s practice is concentrated in estate planning, trust and estate litigation, charitable planning, foundation and non-profit organizations, business succession planning, and international estate planning.
Listed Practice Areas: Estate Planning, International, Private Client Services, Probate, Tax: General Federal, Trust and Estate, Trust and Estate Litigation
Representative Matters:

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)


[System] You are a legal domain expert classifying attorney practice specialties. Always return your output via the function call provided. Do not ask for clarification or additional information. If information is missing, rely only on available inputs and return the most appropriate result.

[User]
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney’s background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney’s real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney’s actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, ely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions

Narrative Biography: Christina is a Director and head of our Mining practice. She focuses on commercial matters in the team, and works on transactions in a variety of industries in addition to mining, including in the telecommunications, life sciences and banking sectors. Since her admission in 2009, she has worked on market leading deals, including the re-structuring of Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton's shareholdings in and the empowerment transaction relating to Richards Bay Minerals, the empowerment transactions relating to Exxaro Resources, the acquisition by Sandvik of its South African rock processing business, as well as various global acquisitions by Sandvik. Christina assisted World Bank-affiliated International Finance Corporation on a number of investments into Africa, including in respect of Advtech Limited and Ascendis Healthcare. She advised Neotel during their sale to Liquid Telecommunications, and continues to be the legal advisor to the World Platinum Investment Council. In addition, Christina works in the renewable energy space, assisting on the corporate structures for independent power producers bidding in the South African government's various rounds of requests for proposals.
Listed Practice Areas: Mining, Corporate, M&A and securities, Energy, Equity capital markets, Power and utilities, Renewables
Representative Matters: Re-structuring of Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton's shareholdings in and the empowerment transaction relating to Richards Bay MineralsEmpowerment transactions relating to Exxaro ResourcesAcquisition by Sandvik of its South African rock processing businessVarious global acquisitions by SandvikAssisted World Bank-affiliated International Finance Corporation on a number of investments into Africa, including in respect of Advtech Limited and Ascendis HealthcareAdvised Neotel during their sale to Liquid TelecommunicationsLegal advisor to the World Platinum Investment Council

Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training

Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory

Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense

Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations

Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement

International Trade and National Security

Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings

International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings

International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes

International Trade and Investment Policy

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan)

Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance

Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection

California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act

Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access

European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR

Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity

HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response

Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management

Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation

Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation

Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers

Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits

Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources

Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement

Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation

Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions

Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements

Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions

Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring

Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions

Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts

Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing

Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)