Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Maria Fehretdinov is an experienced litigator who serves as lead counsel on multi-million dollar complex federal and state litigation disputes. She has repeatedly secured substantial sums for her clients in highly-publicized bet-the-company cases at trial (both jury and bench trials) and via settlement. She has prevailed on novel cases of first impression in the trial and appellate courts and against federal, state and local government entities. Prior to joining the firm, Maria served as a law clerk for Judge Stephen H. Glickman in the District of Columbia Court of Appeals. She was also an attorney in the Washington, D.C. office of the #2 law firm in America per Am Law 200 and worked at the U.S. Department of Justice’s Criminal Division, Office of International Affairs. Maria graduated cum laude from Georgetown University Law Center where she was a Global Law Scholar. A native of Uruguay, she is fluent in Spanish.
Listed Practice Areas: Administrative & Regulatory, Antitrust & Competition, Appellate, Arbitration, Class Actions, Commercial Litigation & Trials, Corporate & Securities Litigation, Land Use & Property Rights Litigation, LATAM & International, White Collar Defense & Investigations
Representative Matters: Was Lead Counsel in successfully representing the iconic Ball & Chain and Taquerias El Mexicano/Los Altos, affiliated with The Mad Room LLC, a Hospitality management company, in a federal suit against the City of Miami alleging violations of substantive and procedural due process, equal protection, unlawful searches and seizures, as well as other constitutional law violations. These were issues of first impression against a prominent municipality where the City developed and deployed a deliberate policy to abolish client’s fundamental protected rights to their property. Ultimately, the City of Miami Commission approved a $12.5 million payout (along with non-monetary benefits) to our clients. Assisted with parallel lawsuit that secured a $63.5 million jury verdict against City commissioner for the political vendetta predicating the City’s unlawful policies.Argued before the Third District Court of Appeal to obtain an important victory on an issue of first impression under the Bert J. Harris Private Property Rights Protection Act, which is closely followed by specialists in the property rights arena as only a handful of appellate decisions govern this space. In a unanimous opinion, the Court reversed an order granting summary judgment to the City of Miami and upheld the finding that Ms. Fehretdinov’s client had an existing use in advertising murals. Her client sued the City for damages for the loss of property value when the City gerrymandered its map to singularly carve out the property, while preserving rights for all similarly situated properties, as a result of back-room political deals.Successfully defended six senior executives of Argentina’s largest oil and natural gas producer, including the Chairman of the Board, CEO, and CFO, in a $14 billion action brought by the Maxus Liquidating Trust in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware to recover damages relating to allegedly fraudulent transfers and alleged alter ego liability arising out of the alleged pollution of the Passaic River in New Jersey.Represented Flagstone Island Gardens LLC and Flagstone Development Corporation in a suit against the City of Miami in connection with Flagstone’s right to develop and lease a $1.2 billion mixed-used hotel, retail and marina project on Watson Island. Flagstone sued for breach and repudiation of the parties’ agreements, and the City counterclaimed to declare Flagstone in default and order it to vacate the property. The case was bifurcated between liability and damages. Ms. Fehretdinov second-chaired a 7-day bench trial on liability and obtained a 27-page order finding against the City and in favor of Flagstone on every disputed issue. In regards to the remedies phase, Ms. Fehretdinov achieved a settlement allowing Flagstone to recover all of its fees and costs of about $5 million, an additional $5 million for other expenses and an additional $10 million over time. Additionally, the City accepted development agreements providing substantial economic value. The project was fiercely opposed by community activists, who also filed suit to block its development for alleged violations of the City Charter; Ms. Fehretdinov obtained the prompt dismissal with prejudice of their complaint against Flagstone, which was affirmed by the Third District Court of Appeal.Represented Perry Ellis International in an appraisal litigation against various professional appraisal arbitragers, including Burford Capital Investment Management’s (BCIM) Strategic Value Master Fund LP and other hedge funds with billions under management, which sought over $160M for the fair market valuation of their shares in connection with a take-private transaction. Perry Ellis brought an action for declaratory relief on the basis that the hedge funds lacked standing under Florida’s appraisal statute to assert appraisal, in an issue of first impression in the State on an important statute affecting Florida corporations. In Feb. 2020, Ms. Fehretdinov obtained a complete dismissal of the hedge funds’ appraisal claims on summary judgment after a contentious 14 months of discovery and thousands of pages of briefing on the issue.Developed novel component product tracing theory to help obtain the fourth largest antitrust settlement ever – $151,250,000 – for an indirect-purchaser class, after defeating appeals to the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals and the United States Supreme Court by the leading manufacturers of polyurethane foam.Second-chaired a three-week product liability jury trial defending the leading distributor of defective Chinese-manufactured drywall in the Southeastern United States and secured a favorable verdict with nominal damages.Achieved a favorable settlement for one of the largest insulation contractors in the U.S. in a class action based on an alleged hub-and-spoke price-fixing conspiracy with claimed damages in excess of $750 million.Successfully represented two targets of an investigation by the Office of the Inspector General for the Department of Health and Human Services (“OIG”) into a multi-million dollar healthcare kickback scheme; the OIG closed its investigation without bringing any charges. Also, successfully defended those clients in a complex civil litigation, involving more than twenty parties, spawned by the investigation.

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Ross counsels employers, businesses, and insurance companies on managing workers’ compensation risk and represents them in the course of workers’ compensation litigation throughout Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Ross strives to reduce his clients’ exposure and claim frequency by tailoring processes and strategies to manage and control all workers’ compensation matters for the clients’ respective industries. Ross uses his innovative risk analysis and safety assessment processes to build an actionable plan that helps clients control exposure and settle matters for a fraction of the cost. To fully understand and represent the best interests of his clients, Ross collaborates closely with them to gain a better understanding of their business and risks and focuses on helping his clients understand how to manage their claims, build better relationships with their employees, and maintain a favorable view by the bench. By employing Ross’ methods, his clients have seen a decrease in their risk exposure and claim frequency and an increase in claims management success. Ross has represented his clients before workers’ compensation judges in both Pennsylvania and New Jersey as well as the Pennsylvania Workers’ Compensation Appeal board and the Court of Common Pleas. He also represents clients in medical set-aside cases. Since 2022, Ross has been included in the Pennsylvania edition of Super Lawyers magazine list of Rising Stars, an honor given to the top 2.5 percent of attorneys in the Commonwealth. He was also named to the 2026 edition of The Best Lawyers in America® Ones to Watch for his workers’ compensation practice.
Listed Practice Areas: Workers’ Compensation
Representative Matters: Successfully defended against a Claim and Penalty Petition for a significant low back injury wherein the claimant underwent surgery during the litigation and before the IME. The Workers' Compensation Judge denied the Claim and Penalty Petitions outright finding the claimant not credible. The judge relied heavily on the inconsistencies noted during cross-examination of the claimant and believed the employer’s theory that this was an incident, not disabling injury, which was supported by fact witness testimony. The judge also found the claimant’s expert not credible, noting the expert’s opinion was based upon an inaccurate understanding of the medical history. As a result, our client was not responsible for any wage loss benefits, medical bills including surgery, or litigation costs, resulting in savings of well over $150,000 in back-due benefits.Defended against a Claim and Penalty Petition and prevailed on a Termination Petition involving an upper extremity injury, surgical treatment, and serial bureau documents. The Workers’ Compensation Judge found the claimant not credible, outright noting the inconsistencies between the claimant’s testimony on cross-examination and the objective medical and gym records. The Workers’ Compensation Judge also found the claimant’s expert not credible, outright also noting that the expert’s opinion was based upon inaccurate understanding of the medical history. As a result, our client was not responsible for any wage loss nor the surgery the claimant underwent and was able to avoid potential significant medical exposure moving forward.Successfully defended a Claim Petition alleging a low back and right arm injuries with ongoing disability. The case involved factual, legal, and medical issues. The Workers’ Compensation Judge denied the Claim Petition outright finding that the claimant was not credible and did not sustain a work injury. Specifically, the Judge found the claimant’s allegations incredulous when considering the inconsistencies between his testimony and the fact witnesses as well as his evasiveness on cross-examination. As a result, the employer was not responsible for any wage loss benefits, medical bills, or litigation costs, resulting in savings of nearly $100,000.Successfully defended a Claim Petition involving significant wage loss and medical exposure due to multiple trauma surgeries and post-surgical complications. The case was bi-furcated to address a course and scope issue. The Workers’ Compensation Judge found that the claimant was not in the course and scope of employment and denied the Claim Petition. As a result, the employer was not responsible for over $150,000 of hospital bills as well as significant ongoing medical and wage loss exposure.Successfully prosecuted a Termination Petition and defended against a Review Petition for a more expansive description of the injury and surgical treatment that the claimant underwent during the litigation. The Workers’ Compensation Judge granted the Termination Petition and denied the Review Petition on the basis that the claimant was not credible and that employer’s medical experts were more credible than the claimant’s treating surgeon. The Workers’ Compensation Judge stopped all medical and wage loss benefits related to the accepted injury and found that the employer was not responsible for any medical benefits related to the Review Petition including the surgery the claimant underwent during the course of the litigation. The employer obtained a sizeable supersedeas fund recovery and did not have to pay any of the outstanding medical bills.Successfully defended a Claim Petition, alleging a head injury and psychological injuries with ongoing disability. The Workers’ Compensation Judge denied the Claim Petition finding that Claimant was not credible and did not sustain a work-related injury. As a result, the employer was not responsible for any of the medical bills or wage loss benefits.Successfully obtained multiple Petitions to Enforce Subpoenas of various pharmacies in the Court of Common Pleas in connection with various Penalty Petitions and Fee Reviews involving suspected physician self-referral issues. Enforcement of these subpoenas has often time led to various successful outcomes in those settings resulting in significant savings with respect to potential medical exposure.

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Galen Bellamy represents major manufacturers in consumer class action and product liability litigation and appeals. His clients include sophisticated companies such as Whirlpool and Toyota. Galen's appellate experience includes successful petitions and amicus briefs to the U.S. Supreme Court and petitions and briefs in over half a dozen U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeal.
Galen has represented both international and domestic clients in state and federal courts across the U.S. He excels in developing creative strategies and building strong legal foundations to resolve complex commercial disputes and consumer class actions. He has also represented corporate clients in connection with investigations by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and has helped conduct internal compliance investigations.
Galen's civil litigation clients have included institutions from accounting, automotive, consumer goods, insurance, and manufacturing industries.
Before joining WTO, Galen was an associate with Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in the firm's Washington D.C. and San Francisco offices. Galen also clerked for The Honorable Edward E. Carnes, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
Listed Practice Areas: Product Liability, Class Actions, Appellate, Commercial Litigation, Investigations & Compliance
Representative Matters: Defeated class certification for Electrolux in class action involving millions of oven ranges.Won final approval of class settlement and vacatur of a $15 million attorneys' fee award from the Ninth Circuit in a consumer class action for Whirlpool.Defeated class certification for Electrolux in a consolidated putative class action in Illinois involving millions of the company's dishwashers.Represent a major automotive supplier in consumer class actions involving alleged failure to adhere to safety requirements.Won summary judgment against a certified, seven-state class action alleging false labeling and breach of warranty.Defeated class certification in a bellwether case alleging false advertising of innovative self-cleaning ovens. The plaintiffs sought certification of a six-state class in the lead case and filed related actions for consumers in many other states. The court's certification ruling paved the way for a non-class settlement and dismissal of all actions less than a month before the first trial.Successfully defended and achieved favorable settlement for a telecommunications company in federal and state putative class actions arising out of an alleged data breach.Defeated a motion to certify a nationwide breach of warranty class in a case alleging that certain Kenmore washing machines contained defective electronic control boards that caused the machines to malfunction.Secured dismissal with prejudice of a putative nationwide class action complaint alleging that certain Whirlpool washing machines were "mislabeled" with the Energy Star logo.Won denial of certification of a putative nationwide class action complaint alleging that certain Whirlpool washing machines contained defective electronic control boards that caused the machines to malfunction and could potentially cause them to "explode."Authored amicus brief on a question certified from the Second Circuit urging New York's highest court not to adopt cross-jurisdictional class action tolling.Authored amicus brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council urging affirmance of holding that state law consumer fraud claims against drug manufacturer were preempted under the Supreme Court's impossibility preemption principles.Authored Rule 23(f) petition for interlocutory review from order partially granting class certification.Authored petition for permission to appeal under 28 U.S.C. § 1292(b) concerning two important and unsettled questions of class action tolling.Authored Rule 23(f) petition for interlocutory review following order partially granting class certification.Authored an amicus brief for interested parties including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers to highlight issues involving the dangers of certifying classes of predominantly uninjured consumers.Authored petitions for writs of certiorari in the high-profile appeals of class certification in Glazer v. Whirlpool and Butler v. Sears, which the Supreme Court granted, vacated, and remanded to the Sixth and Seventh Circuits for reconsideration in light of the Court's decision in Comcast v. Behrend.Helped draft amicus brief for the Product Liability Advisory Council in connection with challenge to punitive damages award related to the Exxon Valdez oil spill.Won a multimillion-dollar arbitration award for an energy company, recovering more than 15 times the last settlement offer made before trial.Represented large multinational document services company and large accounting firm in connection with investigations by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission regarding alleged accounting irregularities.Conducted internal investigations of international private equity firm and large semiconductor manufacturer.

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Jason Keener is Managing Member of Miller Johnson’s Chicago Office and Chair of Miller Johnson’s Intellectual Property Litigation practice group. Jason has over 22 years of experience in litigating intellectual property and technology disputes in federal courts across the country. Jason has a computer science background and regularly handles cases in the software, internet, technology, and automotive fields. He regularly represents clients seeking to enforce or monetize their intellectual property assets as well as defending clients against claims of infringement asserted by both competitors and non-practicing entities. Jason assists clients in resolving intellectual property disputes with a focus on the business goals of the client. Often this involves pre-litigation or early resolution of the dispute. However, where necessary, Jason leads the case through trial and any appeal, which he has successfully done for numerous clients. He ensures that his clients are represented by a lean but scalable team of litigators and technical support that avoids the inefficient use of his client’s resources. Innovative solutions are an integral part of Jason’s litigation philosophy. As part of that philosophy, Jason not only looks for opportunities to push intellectual property law in novel ways but also presents clients with alternative billing arrangements that allow for a measure of certainty or predictability of often unpredictable litigation costs. Prior to joining Miller Johnson, Jason was the managing partner of Irwin IP, a boutique intellectual property litigation firm. He previously was a Partner at an AmLaw 50 law firm.
Listed Practice Areas: Intellectual Property Litigation, Arts and Entertainment Law, Design Patent Litigation, Utility Patent Litigation, Copyright Litigation, Patent Office Validity Challenges, Other Complex Litigation, Trademark & Advertising Litigation, Intellectual Property Overview
Representative Matters: Represented a large fitness equipment manufacturer against claims of copyright infringement and trade secret misappropriation regarding advertisements and videos displayed on fitness equipmentRepresented a Fortune 500 automotive aftermarket supplier in two of the largest cases in the recent history of the International Trade Commission (ITC), which included obtaining the first ever 100-day expedited proceedings (on the domestic industry issue) and, after largely adverse administrative law judge determinations, the full ITC agreeing on the domestic industry issue and prevailing on all 41 asserted design patentsRepresented remote automotive diagnostic company against claims of patent infringementRepresented manufacturer of leveling systems for recreational vehicles against patent infringement claims asserted by the market leaderRepresenting developer of eye tracking systems for improving the effectiveness of advertising in asserting patent portfolio against market competitorsRepresenting the owner of the intellectual property rights in a major motion picture character in asserting copyright and trademark rights against unauthorized derivativesRepresenting equipment servicing company against claims of copyright and trademark claims for use of competitor’s technical drawings in servicing and maintaining competitor’s equipmentRepresented an educational course management software company against patent infringement claims asserted by competitor. Successfully resolve the case through the development of a redesigned system while simultaneously invaliding the asserted patent through trial and on appealRepresented a financial institution against patent infringement claims directed to processing of encrypted check images. Successfully resolved the dispute at trial, despite the overwhelming majority of financial institutions settling prior to trialRepresented a global game manufacturer in asserting dozens of copyright and trade secret claims against an internet startup manufacturing infringing products. Successfully resolved the dispute through trial and enforcement of injunctive reliefRepresented a global online discount platform against patent infringement claims asserted by numerous non-practicing entities. Disputes resolved through aggressive pre-complaint tactics, invalidating the asserted patents at the Patent Office, and through early dispositive motion practice against patent-ineligible subject matterRepresented the internet branch of a major league sports organization against patent infringement claims related to generating computer simulations and representations of live events. Successfully resolved the dispute after acquiring rights from inventor’s prior employerRepresented a lighting manufacturer and distributor against patent infringement claims directed to LED lighting fixtures. Successfully resolved the dispute after summary judgment filings.Represented a global food manufacturing and processing conglomerate against patent infringement claims directed to a core product. Successfully resolved the dispute through seeking declaratory relief and aggressively seeking early depositions of the inventorsRepresented multinational software corporation in asserting copyright and trade secret claims against a competitor’s product developed by former employees of the corporation. Successfully resolved the dispute through obtaining an injunction and sustaining the injunction even in the face of a purported “clean room” redevelopment of the softwareRepresented a casino gaming company in defending against a patent infringement action and securing denial of a TRO that threatened its trade show participation

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Allen Levine is chair of the firm’s Business Litigation practice. In addition to his involvement in firm management and supervision of business litigation attorneys, he handles complex business litigation and real estate litigation for large corporate clients, closely held corporations and real estate developers. Allen also represents clients in probate and trust litigation, community association litigation, insurance coverage litigation and appeals. Mr. Levine has extensive experience in state and federal trial and appellate courts and has handled numerous cases which have created new law. Allen is also AV® Preeminent™ 5.0 out of 5 rated (the highest level attainable) by Martindale-Hubbell. Mr. Levine is recognized as Best Lawyers in America®, Commercial Litigation and Litigation – Real Estate, 2021 – present.
Listed Practice Areas: Business Litigation, Business Disputes, Class Actions, Complex Litigation, Contract Disputes, Corporate Governance Disputes, Employment Litigation and Counseling, Real Estate Disputes, White-Collar Criminal Cases
Representative Matters: Successfully defended owners in a lawsuit brought by Walton County, FL which sought to establish the right of the public to use the owners’ privately owned beachfront property under the Customary Use Doctrine.Obtained the dismissal of a class action complaint brought under the Florida Telephone Solicitation Act (FTSA) which alleged a consumer received a text message that was sent without the consumer’s consent which solicited the sale of a product.Obtained a ruling by the Fourth District Court of Appeal in Raiser-DC, LLC v. B&L Service, Inc. and Broward County, Florida, which held that Broward County was required to disclose information about Uber’s operations at the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, despite Uber’s claims that the records were trade secret information and exempt from Florida’s Public Records Act.Obtained a ruling by Fourth District Court of Appeal in Lyons v. Lyons, which held for the first time that a married grantor of Homestead Property cannot challenge the deed she signed without joinder by her husband because she lacked standing to do so.Obtained a judgment that was affirmed on appeal in Wyndham Vacation Resorts, Inc. v. Ocean Walk Resort Condominium, Inc., which held for the first time in Florida that a timeshare developer was also a condominium developer subject to the mandatory control transfer provisions of the condominium act, thus thwarting the developer’s ability to control the condominium association board.Successfully appealed Van Hook v. The Residences at Coconut Point, LLC, where the Eleventh Circuit Courts of appeals reversed the lower court’s determination, and held that the contractual language relied upon by the lower court did not disqualify the developer from being exempt under ILSA, thus preventing buyers from backing out of their real estate purchase contracts.Successfully obtained a decision published in Wigand v. West City Partners, Inc., where the Federal District Court for the Southern District of Florida prevented 42 of the 43 plaintiffs who sued the condominium developer from bringing their breach of contract and ILSA claims in one lawsuit.Successfully obtained a decision in Kraft v. The Residences of Coconut Point, LLC, where the Federal District Court for the Middle District of Florida ruled the condominium developer maintained sufficient records to assert the investor exemption to ILSA requirements, thus preventing buyers from backing out of their real estate purchase contracts.Combined 108 class actions on behalf of 108 condominium associations and their unit owners, in a lawsuit against the owner of a recreation lease, which resulted in the successful buyout of the recreation lease at a substantially reduced price.Successfully defended real estate developers against lawsuits by numerous buyers asserting revocation of purchase contracts due to alleged violations of The Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act (ILSA), the Condominium Act, and the Homeowner’s Association Act.Successfully assisted buyers in navigating issues related to traditional Hotel and Condominium Hotel acquisition.

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: Aleem is the Director of Practice Support and E-Discovery. In this role, Aleem advises Obermayer clients and attorneys on best practices regarding the management, collection, processing, and production of Electronically Stored Information (ESI) used in litigation and internal investigations. Working with all departments in the firm, Aleem understands how to bridge the gap between the legal teams and IT personnel to streamline discovery efforts and design cost-effective solutions for clients. Aleem carefully considers each case’s nuances to provide the greatest value and level of service. In his free time, Aleem is usually outdoors playing golf, fishing, or riding his bike. He also relaxes by playing with his dogs.
Listed Practice Areas:
Representative Matters:

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.


Input:
You are given three components of an attorney's profile:

- Narrative Biography: A written overview of the attorney's background and focus.
- Listed Practice Areas: Official practice areas assigned by the firm.
- Representative Matters: Bullet-point examples of the attorney's real-world legal work.

Your Task:
Select the most accurate practice specialties from the master list below, based on the attorney's actual experience. You may select multiple, but only if each is clearly supported by the narrative or matters. Only return specialty names exactly as they appear in the master list. Do not rephrase or invent new ones.

Selection Rules:
- Prioritize Representative Matters as your main evidence. If they are missing, rely only on the narrative biography or listed practice areas.
- Use the Narrative Biography secondarily.
- Listed Practice Areas should only confirm choices—not determine them.
- Prefer specific specialties (e.g., “Private Equity Transactions” over “Corporate”).
- Exclude specialties based solely on vague or ambiguous language.
- Exclude pro bono-only work.
- Do not include industries unless clearly relevant.
- Output only a plain list of specialty names—no formatting, bullets, or commentary.
- Return UNIQUE values only
- No duplicates
- Each specialty must appear only once
- If repeated, keep only one

Master List of Practice Specialties:Antitrust & Competition, Cartels, EU & Competition, State Aid, Antitrust Compliance Counseling and Training, Antitrust Litigation, Merger Investigations and Clearance, Banking & Finance, Acquisition & Leveraged Finance, Asset Finance, Aviation Finance, Rail Finance, Shipping Finance, Financial Regulation, Islamic Finance, Fintech, Distressed Debt, Mezzanine Finance, Fund Finance, Syndicated Finance, Loan Workouts and Restructurings, Capital Markets, Debt Capital Markets, IPOs and Direct Listings, Equity Capital Markets, Derivatives, High Yield, Structured Finance and Securitization, Corporate, Commercial Contracts, Corporate Governance, Emerging Companies & Venture Capital, Investment Funds and Asset Management, Hedge Funds, Private Equity Funds, Credit and Debt Funds, Venture Capital Funds, Distressed Asset Funds, Leveraged Buyout Funds, Real Estate Funds, Joint Ventures, Mergers & Acquisitions, Private Equity Transactions, Real Estate Due Diligence and Transactional Advisory, Regulatory Compliance Counseling, Investigations, and Defense, Government Investigations, Antitrust Counseling and Merger Investigations, Internal Investigations, Congressional Investigations, International Risk & Investigations, Anti-Bribery and Corruption, White Collar Defense, Securities and Futures Compliance and Enforcement, FDA Regulatory, Environmental Enforcement Defense, Healthcare and Life Sciences Regulatory, Insurance Regulatory, Consumer Protection and FTC, False Claims Act, International Trade and National Security, International Trade, Foreign Investment and National Security Reviews, CFIUS Filings, ITC Section 337 Proceedings, Export Controls, International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, Anti-Dumping, Countervailing Duty, and Safeguard Proceedings, International Trade and Investment Negotiations and Disputes, WTO, NAFTA, Bilateral Investment Treaties, Free Trade Agreements, International Trade and Investment Policy, Ministry of Commerce (China), Directorate-General for Trade (EU), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan), United States Trade Representative, International Commercial Arbitration, Customs Enforcement and Rultings, Supply Chain Security Issues, Economic Sanctions, Embargoes and FCPA Compliance, Anti-Boycott Regulations, Corporate Espionage, Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection, California Privacy and the California Consumer Privacy Act, Cross-Border Transfers, Cybersecurity & Risk Management, Electronic Surveillance and Law Enforcement Access, European Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, GPDR, Financial Privacy, Middle East Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, Asia-Pacific Data Privacy and Cybersecurity, HIPAA/Health Information Privacy, Security & Breach Response, Human Resources Privacy, Privacy and Cyber Legislation, National Security & Digital Crimes, Privacy & Cyber Regulatory Enforcement, Ransomware, Dispute Resolution & Litigation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Arbitration, Securities Litigation, Class Actions, International Arbitration, Commercial Litigation, Appellate & U.S. Supreme Court, M&A Litigation, Environmental Litigation, Employment Litigation & Counseling, Insurance Litigation, Intellectual Property Litigation, Trade Secrets Litigation, Construction Litigation, Energy Diputes and Litigation, ERISA & Employee Benefits Litigation, Bankruptcy Litigation, E-Discovery, Crisis Management, Trademark, Copyright & Media Litigation, Patent Litigation, Family Law Litigation, Enforcement Issues, Immigration Litigation, and Crisis Management, Bid Protest Litigation, Government Contracts Claims, Disputes, and Other Litigation, Labor & Employment, Discrimination & Retaliation, International Employment Compliance, Labor, Non-Competes & Restrictive Covenant Litigation, Wage & Hour Disputes, Whistleblower Counseling & Defense, Workplace Compliance & Investigations, Contractors, Staffing, and Contingent Workers, Handbooks & Policies, Human Resources Advice & Counsel, International Employment Law, Immigration, Permanent Residence, Business Visas, Labor Certification, Compliance and Auditing, Arts & Entertainment Immigration, EB-5 Program, Requests for Evidence (RFE), Consular Services, Executive Compensation & Employee Benefits, ERISA & Employee Benefits Counseling, Executive Compensation, Environment, Land Use & Natural Resources, Clean Air Act, Contaminated Sites & Remediation, Environmental Crisis Management, Water Regulation, Zoning, Family Law, Divorce, Annulment, Separation, Child Custody, Child Support, Cohabitation, Contested Adoption, Cross-Border & International Family Law, Reproductive Rights & Surrogacy, Parentage & Paternity, Prenuptial & Postnuptial Agreements, Family Law Post-Judgment Modification & Enforcement, Family Law Alternative Dispute Resolution & Mediation, Family Law Appellate, Torts and Insurance, Negligence and Malpractice, Personal Injury, Product Liability, Intellectual Property, Patents, Trade Secret Litigation, Intellectual Property Appellate, Standard Essential Patents, IP Chancery & Corporate Governance, Post-Grant Proceedings, Inter Partes Review, Post-Grant Review, Ex Parte Reexamination, Supplemental Examination, Patent Prosecution, Strategic Patent Counseling & Opinions, Patent Portfolio Management, Unitary Patent & Unified Patent Court, IP Licensing, IP and Tech Transactions & Agreements, Copyright and Trademark Strategic Counseling, Registration & Opinions, Advertising & Marketing, Domain Names & Internet, TTAB Oppositions & Cancellations, Digital Millennium Copyright Act, Copyright and Trademark Transactions & Agreements, Copyrights, Trademarks, Private Client, Charitable Giving, Private Client Tax, Trusts & Estates, Projects, Energy & Infrastructure, Project Finance, Facility Acquisitions and Dispositions, Project Development, Energy Regulatory, Electric Power & Utility Regulation, Liquids Pipeline Regulation, Natural Gas Regulation, Utility Rate Regulation, Oil, Gas & Electric Regulatory Transactions, Renewables Regulation, Real Estate, Commercial Property, Construction & Engineering, Real Estate Development, Real Estate Finance, Real Estate Borrower-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Lender-side Financing and Restructuring, Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), Real Estate Acquisitions and Dispositions, Real Estate Joint Ventures, Residential Property, Leasing, Corporate Real Estate, Co-op Boards, Real Estate Litigation, Zoning and Land Use, Title and Survey Review, Technology, Media & Telecommunications, Tax, Tax Controversy, State and Local Tax, Real Estate Tax, International Tax, Transactional Tax, Tax-Exempt Organizations, Bankruptcy & Restructuring, Creditor Representation, Debtor Reprentation, International Insolvency, Credit Opportunities, Out-of-Court Debt Restructurings and Workouts, Government Contracts, Government Contracts Accounting, Cost & Pricing, General Services Administration (GSA), Government Contracts Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), Grants, International Procurement, Suspension & Debarment, Government Contracts Transactions, Sectors and Issues, Healthcare & Life Sciences, Consumer Products, ESG, Shareholder Activism, European Union, China, Aerospace and Defense, Gaming, Climate Change, SPACs, Automotive, Digital Assets and Web3, Aviation, Russia/Ukraine, Transportation, Rail, Shipping, Outsourcing, Oil & Gas, Power, Renewables & Alternative Energy, Internet, Applications and Social Media, Open Source Software, Video Gaming & eSports, First Amendment, Hospitality, Resorts and Gaming, Media & Entertainment, Technology, Telecommunications, Sport, Maritime Litigation, Maritime Regulatory Compliance, Maritime Environmental, Maritime Finance, Maritime Transactions, Franchising, Shareholder and Fiduciary Litigation, Cannabis

Narrative Biography: After graduating from the University of Texas School of Law in 2013, Dawson Brotemarkle worked as a law clerk for the Honorable Claire V. Eagan in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Oklahoma. Dawson began working for Hall Estill in 2014 and is a member of the energy practice where he represents clients in oil and gas litigation matters. He also assists clients with civil litigation and regulatory issues more generally, with a focus on appellate matters.
Listed Practice Areas: Litigation, Oil & Gas, Oil & Gas Litigation
Representative Matters:

Instruction: Classify the attorney into specialties strictly from the provided list.Return JSON only.If none match, return an empty array.Never invent or modify values.